On Wednesday, the UN’s 54-nation Economic and Social Council nominated the Islamic Republic of Iran to the UN’s Committee for Program and Coordination, which meets next month to shape policy on women’s rights, human rights, disarmament, and terrorism prevention. ECOSOC’s nomination is effectively decisive, as the UN General Assembly customarily rubber-stamps such nominations without a vote.

In addition, ECOSOC by acclamation elected China, Cuba, Nicaragua, Saudi Arabia, and Sudan to the influential Committee on NGOs, which oversees the work, accreditation and UN access of thousands of human rights and civil society groups that enjoy consulative status at the world body.

The United States was the only ECOSOC member to object, saying that Iran, Cuba and Nicaragua were “unfit.”

UN Watch today called on all democratic ECOSOC member states — Canada, France, Spain, Norway, the Netherlands, Australia, the UK, Finland, Switzerland, Austria, and Finland — to explain why they joined in the election of serial abusers of human rights to key UN bodies that oversee human rights.

“Appointing China, Cuba, and Saudi Arabia to oversee the work of human rights activists is like putting Al Capone in charge of fighting organized crime,” said Hillel Neuer, executive director of UN Watch. “It’s truly indefensible, and puts lives at risk.”

“As an organization accredited with special NGO consultative status at the United Nations, and which regularly gives a platform to dissidents from China, Cuba, Sudan, Saudi Arabia and Nicaragua, we are gravely concerned that brutal dictatorships were elected to oversee our work and credentials — and it is scandalous that Western democracies put them there.”

“This means dictatorships will have a majority on the committee in order to deny United Nations accreditation to independent organizations that call out their human rights violations, and to accredit more fake front groups created by the regimes,” Neuer said.

“It harms the ability of pro-democracy dissidents to protect the most vulnerable victims and to advocate for human rights inside the United Nations.”

“By their cynical actions at the UN, major Western states have betrayed their own human rights principles, severely undermining the ruled-based international order that they claim to support.”

“We note that Western states did take action in recent years to stop Russia from getting elected to similar ECOSOC bodies, and we deeply regret that they failed to do the same now to stop the election of serial violators such as Iran, China, China, Cuba, Nicaragua, Saudi Arabia, and Sudan,” said Neuer.

Activists Issued Warning Before ECOSOC Election

Ahead of the election, 70 civil society and human rights groups warned that countries with poor records were at risk of being elected. The group International Service for Human Rights gave a failing grade to China, Cuba, Sudan, Saudi Arabia, Nicaragua and others. Yet their warning was ignored.

Key Documents and Sources

• Video showing ECOSOC’s nomination without objection of the Islamic Republic of Iran to the UN’s Committee for Program and Coordination: https://webtv.un.org/en/asset/k12/k12k3u0ohr?kalturaStartTime=4582
• UN document listing election by acclamation of China, Cuba, Nicaragua, Saudi Arabia, and Sudan to the Committee on NGOs:
  https://press.un.org/en/2026/ecosoc7225.doc.htm
• UN website showing that ECOSOC members currently include Canada, France, Spain, Norway, the Netherlands, Australia, the UK, Finland, Switzerland, Austria, and Finland: https://ecosoc.un.org/en/about-us/members
• U.S. statement dissociating itself from ECOSOC decisions, the only one of 54 ECOSOC members to do so: https://usun.usmission.gov/explanation-of-position-on-the-ecosoc-election-of-the-committee-on-non-governmental-organizations-and-the-committee-on-program-and-coordination/

About UN Watch

United Nations Watch is a non-governmental organization based in Geneva whose mission is to monitor the performance of the United Nations by the yardstick of its own Charter. UN Watch holds the UN accountable to its founding principles by exposing hypocrisy, bias, and abuses. For more information, visit www.unwatch.org.

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Abuses by those candidates are detailed in a new joint NGO report published today by UN Watch, Human Rights Foundation and the Raoul Wallenberg Center for Human Rights, which is being circulated to UN diplomats.

The report will be launched today at a press conference next to the United Nations in New York, one week before the General Assembly votes on October 11th,  featuring human rights activists and experts, including Rodrigo Diamanti on Venezuela, Mutasim Ali on Sudan, Zineb Riboua on Algeria, and Dan Hoang on Vietnam.

Because there is no competition in the African regional group, with four candidates for four available seats, Algeria and Sudan, both rated as “Not Free” by Freedom House, are almost guaranteed to win, unless member states make the exceptional move of refusing to endorse candidates running on a clean slate.

There is competition in the Latin American group, with Chile, Costa Rica and Venezuela vying for two available seats. Venezuela is a current member and is running for re-election.

“Electing Venezuela’s Maduro regime once again as a UN judge on human rights, at a time when its top leaders are accused of ordering torture and other atrocities, would be a slap in the face to millions of Venezuelans suffering from human rights abuses, as well as to millions more who were forced to flee the failed state,” said Hillel Neuer of the Geneva-based UN Watch.

Irwin Cotler, head of the Raoul Wallenberg Center for Human Rights, and former Canadian minister of justice, added: “Regrettably, when the UN itself ends up electing human rights violators to the Human Rights Council, it indulges the very of culture of impunity it is supposed to combat. The world’s democracies must join in the preservation and protection of the Council’s mandate, and not end up accomplices to its breach.”

Despite the lack of competition in each regional group, Neuer emphasized that there is a myth among UN diplomats that they are obliged to vote for all candidates on a clean slate.

“As made clear in our report, voting nations can and should refrain from electing rights abusers to the UN’s highest human rights body. We need to hear the US and EU member states lead the call to oppose the worst abusers. So far, at least in the public arena, they have been silent.”

The report also listed Bahrain, Bangladesh, Georgia, Maldives, Morocco and South Africa  as having “questionable” credentials, due to problematic human rights and UN voting records that should be improved.

“Sadly, all signs are that the UN will disregard its own rules and principles on October 11th by rubber-stamping the election of Algeria and Sudan — even though these regimes systematically violate the human rights of their own citizens,” said Neuer, “and consistently frustrate UN initiatives to protect the human rights of others.”

“We hope that at least for the Latin American race, we will see countries reject Venezuela’s absurd candidacy.”

Currently, two thirds of the UNHRC members are non-democracies, including China, Libya, Qatar, Cuba, Eritrea, Khazakhstan and Venezuela.

UN Watch is proposing a major reform to the election system. “If our own democracies continue to disregard the election criteria by voting for abusers,” said Neuer, “then we should just scrap elections altogether, and make every country a member, as is the case in the General Assembly’s human rights committee. Non-democracies could no longer hold up their UNHRC election as a shield of international legitimacy to cover up the abuses of their regime.”

“Regrettably,” said Neuer, “the EU has not said a word about hypocritical candidacies that only undermine the credibility and effectiveness of the UN human rights system. By turning a blind eye as human rights violators easily join and subvert the council, leading democracies will be complicit in the world body’s moral decline.”

“It will be an insult to their political prisoners and many other victims — and a defeat for the global cause of human rights — if the UN helps gross abusers act as champions and global judges of human rights. When the UN’s highest human rights body becomes a case of the foxes guarding the henhouse, the world’s victims suffer,” said Neuer.

Why in tomorrow's elections the United Nations should NOT elect #Venezuela's Maduro regime—which commits widespread atrocities against its own people, causing 5 million to flee—to the UN Human Rights Council. @RDiamanti at our @UNWatch @hrf @TheRWCHR event:https://t.co/GBPUGIv7Dm

— Hillel Neuer (@HillelNeuer) October 10, 2022

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Statement by United Nations Watch
Delivered by Mr. Hillel Neuer, 5 November 2021
32nd Special Session — Situation in Sudan
Human Rights Council

Madam President:

UN Watch thanks the Council for heeding our call to hold this urgent session on the situation of human rights in Sudan, in wake of the military coup and the ensuing violence.

We urge the Council to establish a Commission of Inquiry that will hold the Sudanese military to account for serious violations of international human rights law.

Abuses include

• The unlawful house arrest of Prime Minister Abdalla Hamdok;
• The detention of at least five other ministers at undisclosed locations;
• Arrests of pro-democracy activists;
• The suspension of state institutions, including the Cabinet of Ministers and the Sovereign Council;
• Shutting down the internet;
• Restrictions on movement; and
• Excessive force against peaceful protesters.

Madam President, at least ten protesters have already been killed, and 140 wounded since the coup.

This Council must demand that Sudan’s military leaders respect the right to life and peaceful protest, and immediately release all those unlawfully detained. The world must resist this attempt to undermine Sudan’s transition towards democracy.

Finally, this is also a time for the Council to reflect on its own actions. For nearly three decades, the Council and its predecessor mandated an independent expert to monitor Sudan, who acted as a vital, early warning mechanism.

And so we ask: By what moral logic did the Council, in its October 2020 session, decide to the scrap the mandate on Sudan? What message did this send to Sudan’s military?

Will the Council correct this grievous act by re-establishing the mandate on Sudan?

I thank you.

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• Unlawful and arbitrary killings
• Enforced disappearances
• Torture
• Arbitrary detention
• Harsh and life-threatening prison conditions
• Political prisoners
• Restrictions on freedom of the press, including arrests and intimidation of journalists
• Restrictions on the rights of assembly and association
• Restrictions on religious liberty
• Restrictions on political participation
• Corruption
• Violence against women, including rape and FGM
• Human trafficking
• Child labor

Discussion
After thirty years in power, on April 11, 2019, Sudan’s Omar al-Bashir, wanted by the International Criminal Court for war crimes,[1] was overthrown and arrested by the military.[2] The coup followed 16 weeks of protests. Under Bashir’s rule, Sudan was listed by Freedom House among the thirteen “worst of the worst” countries in the world.[3]
But the protesters were disappointed that President Bashir was initially replaced by military rule rather than a civilian government. The military continued to violently crackdown against protesters.[4] In June, more than 100 protesters were killed and 500 injured outside the Khartoum military headquarters during a peaceful sit-in to protest the failure of the military to hand power to a civilian government.[5] High Commissioner for Human Rights Michelle Bachelet “deplored the apparent use of excessive force in the protest camps.”[6] On June 10, authorities completely shut down the internet for an extended period.[7] These events led to Sudan being suspended from the African Union.[8]
On June 30, at least seven were killed and 181 injured in another wave of mass protests. The next day, the bodies of three more activists were found with visible signs of torture. High Commissioner Michele Bachelet called for “prompt, transparent and independent investigations” into the deaths and for accountability by security forces.[9]
In August, the military and the protesters reached an agreement to form a new council to transition the country to civilian rule.[10] It is too soon to comment on the long-term implications of this change. Some have expressed doubt about whether the military is serious about implementing democracy in Sudan and note that international pressure is what forced the military to the negotiating table. According to the agreement, the interim council will be headed by General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan for the next 21 months.[11] However, civilian Abdallah Hamdok, a former UN economist, was selected to serve as interim prime minister with elections to take place in three years. He has already chosen a civilian cabinet of 18 ministers, including four women.
In a submission to the Human Rights Council ahead of the September 2019 session, Human Rights Watch commented that “the human rights situation in Sudan continues to be of grave concern, including with violence against protesters and ongoing lack of accountability for violations and abuses since December [2018].”[12] Nevertheless, Prime Minister Hamdok appears to be genuinely set on the path to reform. For example, he has already set up an investigations committee into the June 2019 protester killings.
Ousted President Bashir’s crimes include murder, rape, torture and genocide. Under his rule, Sudan became a haven for jihadists such as Osama bin Laden, fought a bloody civil war in the south which led to the creation of South Sudan, and oversaw the genocide of an estimated 300,000 in Darfur.[13] The last months of Bashir’s rule were characterized by violent crackdowns against demonstrators protesting the poor economy.[14] According to Amnesty International, at least 37 protesters were killed in December 2018.[15] In the midst of the protests, the government also blocked major social media sites like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and WhatsApp and shut down the internet.[16]
Under Bashir, basic civil liberties were severely restricted, including through government censorship and intimidation and arrests of journalists and human rights activists. In December 2018, nine journalists demonstrating against government harassment of the media were briefly detained and three journalists covering anti-government demonstrations were assaulted by security forces.[17] Following his ouster, on June 20, members of Sudan’s Rapid Support Forces, responsible for killings in Darfur, detained journalist Amar Mohamed Adam as well as employees of the health ministry who had participated in a protest.[18]
Under Bashir, security forces routinely detained political opponents incommunicado without charges.[19] Security forces also commonly tortured, beat and harassed detainees. In January 2018, a detainee died after two days in police custody. The autopsy report showed signs of severe torture.[20] Members of the security forces benefited from legal protection for acts committed in their official capacity.[21]
In addition, under the Bashir government’s interpretation of Sharia law, physical punishments such as flogging, amputation and stoning were permitted. Indecent dress and production and consumption of alcohol have been typically punished with lashes. Sharia law was also sometimes applied against non-Muslims against their wishes in civil domestic matters like marriage and divorce.[22]
The Bashir government also perpetrated violence in Darfur where it is accused of genocide. The situation there remains unstable and dangerous, particularly for internally displaced persons.[23] Following Bashir’s ouster, the conflict continues. In June, the UN announced that 17 people had been killed and more than 100 homes burned down in a Darfur village.[24]
While Bashir has been ousted, and there is optimism that Prime Minister Hamdok’s new government is headed in the right direction, Sudan must establish a positive record on human rights before it can be considered for membership in the Human Rights Council.
Sudan’s UN Voting Record
Negative: At the General Assembly, Sudan backed human rights abusers when it supported a resolution denying the right to level sanctions against such regimes, and by voting to delay the work of the Special Rapporteur on violence against LGBT individuals. Sudan opposed resolutions that spoke out for victims of human rights violations by North Korea and Russia and abstained on resolutions that spoke out for victims of human rights violations by Iran and Syria. It also abstained on a resolution calling for protection of the rights to peaceful assembly and freedom of association.

Current members of the U.N. Human Rights Council include:
?? Saudi Arabia
?? China
?? Cuba
?? Somalia
?? Pakistan
?? Iraq
?? Qatar
?? Eritrea
?? DR Congo
?? Afghanistan
?? Bangladesh
?? Cameroon

Next Thursday, they add Libya, Mauritania, Sudan & most likely Venezuela. https://t.co/6ltZEhmnoi
— Hillel Neuer (@HillelNeuer) October 11, 2019

[1] Sudan: Former president Omar Al-Bashir must be tried by ICC For war crimes, Amnesty International (April 17, 2019), https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2019/04/sudan-former-president-omar-al-bashir-must-be-tried-by-icc-for-war-crimes/.
[2] Sudan’s Bashir appears in public for first time since being ousted, The Guardian (June 16, 2019), https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jun/16/sudan-omar-al-bashir-in-public-since-ousted.
[3] Democracy in Retreat: Freedom in the World 2019, supra note 62.
[4] In Sudan, Repression of Protests by Another Name, Human Rights Watch (June 26, 2019), https://www.hrw.org/news/2019/06/26/sudan-repression-protests-another-name.
[5] Sudan’s Bashir appears in public for first time since being ousted, The Guardian (June 16, 2019), https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jun/16/sudan-omar-al-bashir-in-public-since-ousted; Investigations and Monitoring Needed in Response to Sudan Violence, Human Rights Watch (June 7, 2019), https://www.hrw.org/news/2019/06/07/investigations-and-monitoring-needed-response-sudan-violence.
[6] UN Human Rights Chief deplores killings and detentions amid peaceful protests in Sudan, OHCHR (June 3, 2019), https://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=24672&LangID=E
[7] Sudan: UN experts denounce Internet shutdown, call for immediate restoration, OHCHR (July 8, 2019), xhttps://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=24803&LangID=E
[8] Investigations and Monitoring Needed in Response to Sudan Violence, Human Rights Watch (June 7, 2019), https://www.hrw.org/news/2019/06/07/investigations-and-monitoring-needed-response-sudan-violence.
[9] Bachelet urges Sudan to restore freedoms, investigate violations and move swiftly to civilian rule, OHCHR (July 3, 2019), https://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=24785&LangID=E.
[10] Nermin Ismail, Sudan protesters, military form new transitional council, Deutsche Welle (Aug. 20, 2019), https://www.dw.com/en/sudan-protesters-military-form-new-transitional-council/a-50101593.
[11] Id.
[12] Sudan: Ensuring a credible response by the UN Human Rights Council at its 42^nd session, Human Rights Watch (Sep. 3, 2019), https://www.hrw.org/news/2019/09/03/sudan-ensuring-credible-response-un-human-rights-council-its-42nd-session.
[13] Declan Walsh, The Fall of Omar Hassan al-Bashir, the ‘Spider’ at the Heart of Sudan’s Web, New York Times (April 11, 2019), https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/11/world/africa/omar-bashir-sudan.html.
[14] Freedom in the World 2019: Sudan, Freedom House (2019),  https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2019/sudan.
[15] Sudan: 37 protesters dead in government crackdown on demonstrations, Amnesty International (Dec. 24, 2018), https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2018/12/sudan-protesters-dead-in-government-crackdown-on-protests/.
[16] Freedom in the World 2019: Sudan, supra note 131.
[17] Id.
[18] In Sudan, Repression of Protests by Another Name, Human Rights Watch (June 26, 2019), https://www.hrw.org/news/2019/06/26/sudan-repression-protests-another-name.
[19] 2018 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Sudan, US Department of State (March 13, 2019) [Hereinafter “State Department Report Sudan 2019”], https://www.state.gov/reports/2018-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/sudan/
[20] Id.
[21] Id.
[22] Id.
[23] Id.
[24] Yousef Saba, U.N. says it confirms 17 deaths in Sudan’s Darfur, Reuters (June 13, 2019), https://www.reuters.com/article/us-sudan-politics/u-n-says-it-confirms-17-deaths-in-sudans-darfur-idUSKCN1TE1U3.

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Good news: China, Cuba & Saudi Arabia, regularly elected members of the U.N. Human Rights Council, will be forced to step off in January due to term limits.

Bad news: In elections next Thursday, the U.N. will elect Libya, Mauritania (has 500,000 slaves), Sudan & maybe Venezuela.

— Hillel Neuer (@HillelNeuer) October 11, 2019

Say No to Maduro on the U.N. Human Rights Council

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The Committee AGAINST Non-Governmental Organizations

Iran’s Record on Human Rights NGOs
According to the most recent US State Department report on Iran:

• Iran’s new Political Crimes law restricts NGOs, with barriers to speech and advocacy by defining political crimes to include insult against the government and “the publication of lies.” The law also criminalizes political activism. Delineated acts are deemed “political crimes” if they “are committed with the intent of reforming the domestic or foreign policies of Iran”; acts intended to damage the “foundations of the regime” are deemed “national security crimes.”
• Human rights defender and journalist Narges Mohammadi was sentenced to 16 years in prison in May 2016 for “propaganda against the state,” “assembly and collusion against national security,” and “establishing the antisecurity and illegal ‘Step by Step to Stop the Death Penalty’ party.”
• The regime periodically imprisons political activist and lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh and briefly suspended her law license due to her advocacy for prisoners of conscience.
• The government restricts the work of NGOs through harassment, arrests, online hacking, and monitoring of individual activists and organization workplaces.
• The government also routinely intimidates human rights activists by repeatedly summoning them in for questioning, and confiscating personal belongings such as cell phones, laptops and passports.
• Iran imprisons lawyers and others affiliated with the Defenders of Human Rights Center advocacy group.
• Human rights defenders who engage with the UN Special Rapporteur on Iran are subjected to reprisals.

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Rogues’ Gallery Includes Iran, China, Russia, Turkey…

Neuer noted that a majority of the 19 member states are regimes that are hostile to human rights activists, including Iran, Burundi, China, Cuba, Iran, Mauritania, Nicaragua, Pakistan, Russia, Turkey and Venezuela.
“Regrettably, while India and South Africa are democracies, they too often vote with the dictatorships,” said Neuer.
Venezuela’s representative today quickly congratulated Sudan on its election.

Sudan Persecutes NGOs

Despite its U.N. election today, Sudan is notorious for persecuting NGO activists:

• Human rights groups have been raided by police, their files seized without warrant, with NGO activists summoned, interrogated, arrested and imprisoned.
• Sudan’s government in recent years has closed civil society organizations or refused to register them on several occasions.
• Government and security forces arbitrarily enforce provisions of the NGO law, including measures that strictly regulate an organization’s ability to receive foreign financing and register public activities.
• In 2015, for example, authorities rejected or failed to approve applications to reregister more than 40 registered organizations and began investigations into their activities, according to the Sudanese Confederation of Civil Society.
• Under the government’s “Sudanization” policy, many organizations faced administrative difficulties if they refuse to involve pro-government groups.
• Organizations report delays in obtaining permits to hold general assembly meetings, an attempt to disrupt the organizations’ work or force them out of compliance with government regulations.

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Unilateral coercive measures targeting the Sudan restrict trade and investment in the country, which in turn forces the population to face enormous challenges to their enjoyment of human rights. Coercive measures affect the right to health and an adequate standard of living, the right to food, the right to education and the right to development.

Jazairy: Nemesis of UN rights experts, then himself a UN rights expert
Hypocrisy reached new heights in March 2015 when the UNHRC appointed Jazairy as one of its human rights monitors: he is the same man who, as Algerian ambassador, personally headed a major campaign to muzzle the Council’s human rights monitors, by imposing a “Code of Conduct.”
UN Watch sounded the alarm before he was appointed in 2015, but to no avail.
(Update: In October 2016, the Tribune de Geneve exposed Jazairy’s conflict of interest in being a UN expert and also heading a front group funded by the United Arab Emirates.)
As Algerian ambassador on the UNHRC, Jazairy also took many other actions inimical to the protection and promotion of human rights:

• After Sri Lanka killed 40,000 of its own people, Jazairy co-sponsored a 2009 resolution that praised Sri Lanka for “promotion and protection of all human rights”

• Genocide by Sudan in Darfur didn’t stop Jazairy from sponsoring a 2006 resolution that praised the regime for “cooperation,” while demanding that the international community “honor their pledges of support” and “provide urgent and adequate financial and technical assistance to the Government of Sudan.”

• Jazairy repeatedly defended genocidal Sudan. When UN monitors reported attacks on Darfur civilians by Sudanese government-allied militias, they were immediately challenged by Jazairy: “And I say the alleged links between the government of Sudan, and the militias referred to by the High Commissioner for Human Rights, have yet to be objectively documented.” Click here for video

• Asked by French journalist Caroline Fourest why certain Arab countries imprisoned homosexuals, contrary to human rights, Jazairy said that gay rights was a “Western-centric” attitude, having no basis in universal human rights.

• Jazairy headed a major effort to change international law to prohibit criticism of Islam, under the “Defamation of religion” banner. Jazairy’s non-paper wrote: “Requisite complementary standards shall include the prohibition of publication of material that direct seriously offensive attacks on matters regarded by followers of any religion or belief as sacred or inherent to their dignity as human beings.”

• Jazairy repeatedly sought to distort the meaning of the word anti-Semitism, saying that it targets Arabs and Muslims.

At an April 22, 2008 U.N. meeting on racism, he declared that “Antisemitism targets Arabs, who are also Semites, and by extension, the whole Muslim community.”
In 2011, he elaborated:

Already in the 19th century, Arabs and Jews, who equally belong to the Semitic race, were the target of the same anti-Semitic stereotyping… Since the holocaust, fortunately anti-Semitism targeting the Jews has been eschewed from public speech.
However, it continues to be accepted in the name of freedom of expression when it takes the form of Arabophobia, or by extension, of Islamophobia.

• Jazairy received $50,000 from the Russian Federation for his UN mandate. (UN 2017 report, A/HRC/34/34/Add.1, p.37)  Coincidentally, his application clarified his vision of the anti-American mandate—which included shilling for Vladimir Putin’s aggression:

I regard UCMs [unilateral coercive measures] as an issue which principally affects North-South relations and see this mandate as an opportunity to put to use my experience of half a century in multilateralism as a bridge-builder between North and South. Pre-Helsinki UCMs were an expression of East-West rivalry. Alas! increased tension over Crimea and Ukraine has all but revived this situation. The impact of UCMs on human rights being conversely related to the level of development of the targeted countries, the people of the South are the most vulnerable to Northern “sanctions.”

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